1. A factory makes 24 bicycles each day. How many bicycles will it make in 32 days?
   Sentence starters:
   • I know that to find the total, I need to multiply…
   • First, I multiplied the tens because…
2. A school orders 36 chairs for each classroom. If there are 27 classrooms, how many chairs are needed in total?
   Sentence starters:
   • I started by breaking the numbers into tens and ones because…
   • I checked my answer by…
3. A farmer plants 42 apple trees in each orchard. If he has 23 orchards, how many apple trees does he plant?
   Sentence starters:
   • I multiplied 42 by 23 because…
   • I used the distributive method because…
4. A shop sells 34 boxes of pencils each week. Each box costs £28. How much money does the shop make in a week?
   Sentence starters:
   • I know the total cost is found by multiplying…
   • I checked my calculation by estimating…
5. A stadium has 46 rows of seats. Each row has 25 seats. How many seats are in the stadium?
   Sentence starters:
   • I multiplied 46 by 25 because…
   • I used partitioning to make it easier because…
6. A company prints 38 posters every day. How many posters will it print in 24 days?
   Sentence starters:
   • I broke 38 into tens and ones because…
   • I know my answer is reasonable because…
7. A baker makes 27 trays of cakes each day. Each tray has 34 cakes. How many cakes does he bake in one day?
   Sentence starters:
   • I multiplied 27 by 34 because…
   • I checked by rounding the numbers to…
8. A library buys 32 sets of books. Each set has 45 books. How many books does the library buy?
   Sentence starters:
   • I used the grid method because…
   • I know my answer makes sense because…
9. A factory produces 29 boxes of chocolates each hour. Each box contains 36 chocolates. How many chocolates are made in one hour?
   Sentence starters:
   • I multiplied 29 by 36 because…
   • I explained my steps by…
10. A school prints 48 certificates for each class. There are 26 classes. How many certificates are printed?
    Sentence starters:
    • I multiplied 48 by 26 because…
    • I checked my answer by using an estimate…

10 Challenging Multiplication Reasoning Problems

1. A factory makes 24 bicycles each day for 32 days. Another factory makes 18 bicycles each day for 40 days. Which factory makes more bicycles and by how many?
   (Sentence starters: “First, I found… Then I compared…”)
2. A school orders 36 chairs for each of its 27 classrooms. They also order 18 spare chairs. How many chairs in total? Explain why your answer is reasonable.
   (Sentence starters: “I ignored… because…”)
3. A farmer plants 42 apple trees in each of 23 orchards. He also plants 15 extra trees near his house. How many trees altogether? Is your answer closer to 1,000 or 2,000?
   (Sentence starters: “I estimated first by…”)
4. A shop sells 34 boxes of pencils each week at £28 per box. If they sell 12 extra boxes in a special offer, how much money do they make?
   (Sentence starters: “I multiplied… then added…”)
5. A stadium has 46 rows of seats with 25 seats in each row. If 3 rows are reserved and left empty, how many seats are available?
   (Sentence starters: “I subtracted… before multiplying because…”)
6. A company prints 38 posters every day for 24 days. They also print 120 extra posters for a festival. How many posters in total?
   (Sentence starters: “I used partitioning because…”)
7. A baker makes 27 trays of cakes each day with 34 cakes per tray. If he sells 450 cakes to a shop, how many cakes are left?
   (Sentence starters: “I multiplied first, then subtracted because…”)
8. A library buys 32 sets of books with 45 books in each set. If 120 books are damaged and removed, how many books remain?
   (Sentence starters: “I checked my answer by estimating…”)
9. A factory produces 29 boxes of chocolates each hour with 36 chocolates per box. If they work for 2 hours, how many chocolates do they make?
   (Sentence starters: “I multiplied twice because…”)
10. A school prints 48 certificates for each of its 26 classes. If 96 certificates are printed incorrectly and thrown away, how many correct certificates remain?
    (Sentence starters: “I explained my steps by…”)